Addicting Games is the largest source of the best free online games including funny games, flash games, arcade games, dressup games, internet games, shooting games. Includes downloads, cheats, reviews, and articles. Dawn spacecraft Wikipedia. Dawn. Illustration of the Dawn spacecraft. Mission type. Multi target orbiter. Operator. NASA  JPLCOSPAR ID2. ASATCAT no. 3. 22. Websitehttp dawn. Watch breaking news videos, viral videos and original video clips on CNN. Shipsim2008_091508193022_034.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20090104003256' alt='Ship Simulator 2008 Custom Mission' title='Ship Simulator 2008 Custom Mission' />Mission duration. Planned 9 years1Elapsed 1. Spacecraft properties. DSC_4693.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20111111220412' alt='Ship Simulator 2008 Custom Mission' title='Ship Simulator 2008 Custom Mission' />Get the latest on movie releases, new tv shows, and video games from the editors of Popular Mechanics. Noregistration upload of files up to 250MB. Not available in some countries. Manufacturer. Orbital Sciences JPL UCLALaunch mass. Dry mass. 74. 7. 1 kg 1,6. Dimensions. 1. 6. Power. 10,0. 00 watts at 1 AU21,3. AU3Start of mission. Launch date. September 2. Inland_Containership.png/revision/latest?cb=20100326223847' alt='Ship Simulator 2008 Custom Mission' title='Ship Simulator 2008 Custom Mission' />UTC1. UTC4Rocket. Delta II 7. HLaunch site. Cape Canaveral. SLC 1. BContractor. United Launch Alliance. Flyby of Mars. Closest approach. February 1. 8, 2. UTC4Distance. 54. Vesta orbiter. Orbital insertion. Hfss For Windows 7 64 Bit here. July 1. 6, 2. 01. UTC5Orbital departure. September 5, 2. 01. UTC41 Ceres orbiter. Orbital insertion. March 6, 2. 01. 5, 1. UTC4Instruments. FCFraming Camera. VIRVisible and Infrared Spectrometer. GRa. NDGamma Ray and Neutron Detector. Dawnmission patch. Dawn is a space probe launched by NASA in September 2. Vesta and Ceres. It is currently in orbit about its second target, the dwarf planet Ceres. Dawn is the first spacecraft to orbit two extraterrestrial bodies,6 the first spacecraft to visit either Vesta or Ceres, and the first to visit a dwarf planet, arriving at Ceres in March 2. New Horizons flew by Pluto in July 2. Dawn entered Vestas orbit on July 1. Ceres in late 2. 01. Unity Networking Zero To Hero Pdf'>Unity Networking Zero To Hero Pdf. It then entered Ceres orbit on March 6, 2. NASA considered, but decided against, a proposal to visit a third target. On October 1. 9, 2. NASA announced that the mission would be extended until its hydrazine fuel runs out, possibly in the second half of 2. Bg Interface Windows 7. Ceres. 1. 2The Dawn mission is managed by NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, with spacecraft components contributed by European partners from the Netherlands, Italy and Germany. It is the first NASA exploratory mission to use ion propulsion, which enabled it to enter and leave the orbit of multiple celestial bodies. Previous multi target missions using conventional drives, such as the Voyager program, were restricted to flybys. Project historyeditTechnological backgroundeditThe first working ion thruster was built by Harold R. Kaufman in 1. 95. NASAs Glenn Research Center in Ohio. The thruster was similar to the general design of a gridded electrostatic ion thruster with mercury as its propellant. Suborbital tests of the engine followed during the 1. Space Electric Rocket Test 1 SERT 1. It successfully operated for the planned 3. Earth. 1. 5 This test was followed by an orbital test, SERT 2, in 1. Deep Space 1 DS1, which NASA launched in 1. NSTARelectrostatic ion thruster, as well as performing a flyby of an asteroid and a comet. In addition to the ion thruster, among the other technologies validated by the DS1 was the Small Deep Space Transponder, which is used on Dawn for long range communication. Discovery Mission Selectionedit2. Discovery Program solicitation, with budget initially targeted at 3. USD. 1. 8 Three semi finalists were downselected in January 2. A design study Dawn, Kepler, and INSIDE Jupiter. In December 2. 00. NASA selected the Kepler and the Dawn mission for the Discovery program. Both missions were initially selected for a launch in 2. Cancellation and reinstatementeditThe status of the Dawn mission changed several times. The project was cancelled in December 2. February 2. 00. 4. In October 2. 00. Dawn was placed in stand down mode, and in January 2. NASA had made no new announcements regarding its status. On March 2, 2. 00. Dawn was again cancelled by NASA. The spacecrafts manufacturer, Orbital Sciences Corporation, appealed NASAs decision, offering to build the spacecraft at cost, forgoing any profit in order to gain experience in a new market field. NASA then put the cancellation under review,2. March 2. 7, 2. 00. In the last week of September 2. Dawn missions instrument payload integration reached full functionality. Although originally projected to cost US3. US4. 46 million in 2. Christopher T. Russell was chosen to lead the Dawn mission team. Scientific backgroundedit. Scale comparison of Vesta, Ceres, and Earths moon. The Dawn mission was designed to study two large bodies in the asteroid belt in order to answer questions about the formation of the Solar System, as well as to test the performance of its ion drive in deep space. Ceres and Vesta were chosen as two contrasting protoplanets, the first one apparently wet i. Jupiter. The two bodies provide a bridge in scientific understanding between the formation of rocky planets and the icy bodies of the Solar System, and under what conditions a rocky planet can hold water. The International Astronomical Union IAU adopted a new definition of planet on August 2. Dawn is the first mission to study a dwarf planet, arriving at Ceres a few months before the arrival of the New Horizons probe at Pluto in July 2. Dawn image of Ceres from 1. May 4, 2. 01. 5Ceres comprises a third of the total mass of the asteroid belt. Its spectral characteristics suggest a composition similar to that of a water rich carbonaceous chondrite. Vesta, a smaller, water poor achondriticasteroid comprising a tenth of the mass of the asteroid belt, has experienced significant heating and differentiation. It shows signs of a metallic core, a Mars like density and lunar like basaltic flows. Available evidence indicates that both bodies formed very early in the history of the Solar System, thereby retaining a record of events and processes from the time of the formation of the terrestrial planets. Radionuclide dating of pieces of meteorites thought to come from Vesta suggests that Vesta differentiated quickly, in three million years or less. Thermal evolution studies suggest that Ceres must have formed some time later, more than three million years after the formation of CAIs the oldest known objects of Solar System origin. Moreover, Vesta appears to be the source of many smaller objects in the Solar System. Most but not all V typenear Earth asteroids, and some outer main belt asteroids, have spectra similar to Vesta, and are thus known as vestoids. Five percent of the meteoritic samples found on Earth, the howarditeeucritediogenite HED meteorites, are thought to be the result of a collision or collisions with Vesta. It is thought that Ceres may have a differentiated interior 3. There is a large collection of potential samples from Vesta accessible to scientists, in the form of over 1,4. HED meteorites,3. Vesta geologic history and structure. Vesta is thought to consist of a metallic ironnickel core, an overlying rocky olivine mantle and crust. The first color map of Ceres by Dawn exaggerated color, March 2. ObjectiveseditDawns approximate flight trajectory. The Dawn missions goal is to characterize the conditions and processes of the Solar Systems earliest eon by investigating in detail two of the largest protoplanets remaining intact since their formation. The primary question that the mission addresses is the role of size and water in determining the evolution of the planets. Ceres and Vesta are highly suitable bodies with which to address this question, as they are two of the most massive of the protoplanets. Ceres is geologically very primitive and icy, while Vesta is evolved and rocky. Their contrasting characteristics are thought to have resulted from them forming in two different regions of the early Solar System. There are three principal scientific drivers for the mission.